Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之三----如何改变DataGrid的背景色

Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之三

如何改变DataGrid的背景色

在用DataGrid作为表格显示数据的时候，有时往往需要根据数据的内容来显示不同的颜色，比如作告警列表时，不同的告警要用不同的颜色表示。修改DataGrid背景色的方法很多，这里介绍一种使用DataGrid的TableStyle属性方法来修改背景色。大致过程如下：

1. 自定义DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn类，继承自DataGridTextBoxColumn

2. 重写(override) Paint方法

3. 用DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn类替代程序中的DataGridTextBoxColumn类

代码如下：代码说明详见代码中的注释，该程序在vs2003下测试通过。程序中用到了TableStyle，如果对于TableStyle不太清楚，请参看我的第一篇文章

http://blog.csdn.net/tjvictor/archive/2007/01/20/1488549.aspx

程序中所有关于TableStyle的部分都没有加注释。程序的重点在于DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn 类的构造和Paint方法的重写。

代码如下：

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Data;

namespace DataGridBackColor

{

///<summary>

/// BackColorForm 的摘要描述。

///</summary>

public class BackColorForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form

{

//定义DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn类

public class DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn : DataGridTextBoxColumn

{

//利用DataView来传递当前DataGrid中的数据

public DataView dv = null;

//重写Paint

protected override void Paint(Graphics g, Rectangle bounds, CurrencyManager source, int rowNum, Brush backBrush, Brush foreBrush, bool alignToRight)

{

try

{

//判断DataGrid中每行第一列的数据是否为如下的字符串

switch( dv[rowNum].Row[0].ToString() )

{

case "critical" : backBrush = Brushes.Red; break;//改变颜色

case "major" : backBrush = Brushes.Brown; break;//改变颜色

case "minor" : backBrush = Brushes.Orange; break;//改变颜色

case "warning" : backBrush = Brushes.YellowGreen; break;//改变颜色

default : break;

}

}

catch( Exception ex )

{

MessageBox.Show( ex.Message );

}

finally

{

//调用基类的Paint方法

base.Paint (g, bounds, source, rowNum, backBrush, foreBrush, alignToRight);

}

}

}

private System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid dataGrid;

private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle TableStyle;

private DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn Status;

private DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn TextBox1;

private DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn TextBox2;

///<summary>

///设计工具所需的变数。

///</summary>

private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

public BackColorForm()

{

//

// Windows Form 设计工具支持的必要项

//

InitializeComponent();

//

// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 呼叫之后加入任何建构函式程序代码

//

}

///<summary>

///清除任何使用中的资源。

///</summary>

protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

{

if( disposing )

{

if(components != null)

{

components.Dispose();

}

}

base.Dispose( disposing );

}

#region Windows Form 设计工具产生的程序代码

///<summary>

///此为设计工具支持所必须的方法 - 请勿使用程序代码编辑器修改

///这个方法的内容。

///</summary>

private void InitializeComponent()

{

this.dataGrid = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid();

this.TableStyle = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle();

this.Status = new DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn();

this.TextBox1 = new DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn();

this.TextBox2 = new DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn();

((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid)).BeginInit();

this.SuspendLayout();

//

// dataGrid

//

this.dataGrid.CaptionText = "BackColorForm";

this.dataGrid.DataMember = "";

this.dataGrid.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;

this.dataGrid.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;

this.dataGrid.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);

this.dataGrid.Name = "dataGrid";

this.dataGrid.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 266);

this.dataGrid.TabIndex = 0;

this.dataGrid.TableStyles.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle[] {

this.TableStyle});

//

// TableStyle

//

this.TableStyle.AlternatingBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Wheat;

this.TableStyle.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightGray;

this.TableStyle.DataGrid = this.dataGrid;

this.TableStyle.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.MidnightBlue;

this.TableStyle.GridColumnStyles.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridColumnStyle[] {

this.Status,

this.TextBox1,

this.TextBox2});

this.TableStyle.GridLineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;

this.TableStyle.HeaderBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightBlue;

this.TableStyle.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;

this.TableStyle.MappingName = "";

this.TableStyle.SelectionBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightSkyBlue;

this.TableStyle.SelectionForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.WhiteSmoke;

//

// Status

//

this.Status.Format = "";

this.Status.FormatInfo = null;

this.Status.HeaderText = "Status";

this.Status.MappingName = "";

this.Status.NullText = "";

this.Status.Width = 75;

//

// TextBox1

//

this.TextBox1.Format = "";

this.TextBox1.FormatInfo = null;

this.TextBox1.HeaderText = "TextBox1";

this.TextBox1.MappingName = "";

this.TextBox1.NullText = "";

this.TextBox1.Width = 75;

//

// TextBox2

//

this.TextBox2.Format = "";

this.TextBox2.FormatInfo = null;

this.TextBox2.HeaderText = "TextBox2";

this.TextBox2.MappingName = "";

this.TextBox2.NullText = "";

this.TextBox2.Width = 75;

//

// BackColorForm

//

this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(5, 15);

this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 266);

this.Controls.Add(this.dataGrid);

this.Name = "BackColorForm";

this.Text = "BackColorForm";

this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);

((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid)).EndInit();

this.ResumeLayout(false);

}

#endregion

///<summary>

///应用程序的主进入点。

///</summary>

[STAThread]

static void Main()

{

Application.Run(new BackColorForm());

}

#region User Variable

private DataTable UserTable = null;

private DataView UserView = null;

#endregion

private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

try

{

InitDataTable();

InitDataView();

InitDataGrid();

InitData();

}

catch( Exception ex )

{

MessageBox.Show( ex.Message );

}

}

private void InitDataTable()

{

UserTable = new DataTable("UserTable");

DataColumn[] d = new DataColumn[4];

d[0] = new DataColumn("d0",typeof(string));

d[1] = new DataColumn("d1",typeof(string));

d[2] = new DataColumn("d2",typeof(string));

UserTable.Columns.AddRange( d );

TableStyle.MappingName = "UserTable";

Status.MappingName = "d0";

TextBox1.MappingName = "d1";

TextBox2.MappingName = "d2";

}

private void InitDataView()

{

UserView = new DataView();

UserView.Table = UserTable;

UserView.AllowNew = false;

//将DataView赋给DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn类中的DataView变量

Status.dv = UserView;

TextBox1.dv = UserView;

TextBox2.dv = UserView;

}

private void InitDataGrid()

{

dataGrid.DataSource = UserView;

}

private void InitData()

{

DataRow r = null;

//Row 1

r = UserTable.NewRow();

r[0] = "critical";

r[1] = "TextBox11";

r[2] = "TextBox21";

UserTable.Rows.Add( r );

//Row 2

r = UserTable.NewRow();

r[0] = "major";

r[1] = "TextBox12";

r[2] = "TextBox22";

UserTable.Rows.Add( r );

//Row 3

r = UserTable.NewRow();

r[0] = "minor";

r[1] = "TextBox13";

r[2] = "TextBox23";

UserTable.Rows.Add( r );

//Row 4

r = UserTable.NewRow();

r[0] = "warning";

r[1] = "TextBox14";

r[2] = "TextBox24";

UserTable.Rows.Add( r );

}

}

}

运行结果如下：

至此，关于DataGrid的基本用法已经讲完了，DataGrid的功能不仅只是这些，以后我会继续追加关于DataGrid用法的文章。如果是想用ListBox来显示相应的数据并改变背景色的情况，请参见我的另一篇文章

http://blog.csdn.net/tjvictor/archive/2007/01/20/1488378.aspx